Menene tsarin ma'adinai

Mallaka, fasaha mai mahimmanci a cikin amincin abinci, ya rage yawan haɗarin rashin lafiyar abinci da kuma kiyaye lafiyar mutane. Wannan labarin yana bincika ka'idodin tsarin ma'abuta-daban, nau'ikan daban-daban, ci gaban fasaha da aikace-aikace don taimaka muku sosai fahimtar wannan fasaha.

MeneneM

Pasteurization tsari ne wanda ke hana fadada abinci ta hanyar dumama abinci (yawanci taya kamar madara, ruwan 'ya'yan itace) zuwa ga takamaiman yanayin zafi kuma yana kiyaye shi a kan wani lokaci don kiyaye shi da wani tsari mai cutarwa. Bayan dumama, abinci yana sanyaya da sauri don kiyaye sabo. Kodayake pastuurization bai kashe dukkan ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta ba, yana rage haɗarin rashin lafiyar gidan abinci kuma yana sa abinci mafi aminci don ci.

Hanyaof abastu

Hanyoyin Mallasawa sun bambanta dangane da nau'in abinci da sakamakon da ake so. Hanyoyin da aka saba amfani sun hada da:

1. Babban yanayin zazzabi mai girma (HTS): Wannan hanyar tana hawan samfurin zuwa kimanin 72 ° C (161 ° F) kuma yana riƙe shi na 15 seconds. Wannan hanyar yadda yakamata tana cire ƙwayoyin cuta mai cutarwa da kuma biyan bukatun samfuran kamar madara. Koyaya, samfuran pasteurized bawai shelf bane kafaffun kuma bukatar mashawar.
2. Ultra plate onteurization (uht): Wannan hanya tana ɗaukar samfurin zuwa kusan 280 ° F (138 ° C) na 2-5 seconds. Tsarin Uht yadda yakamata ya kashe ƙwayoyin cuta mai cutarwa kuma yana shimfida bishiyar shiryayye. Kodayake ana ƙara rayuwar shiryayye, yawanci ana buƙatar fihirisa don kyakkyawan sakamako.
3. Lowerancin lokacin zafin jiki na tsawon zazzabi (ltlt): Hakanan ana kiranta da tanki mai pasturization, wannan hanyar tana ɗaukar kayayyakin kiwo zuwa kimanin 63-66 ° C (145-150 ° F) tsawon minti 30. Wannan hanyar tana kaiwaimar ingancin samfurin yayin da yakamata yadda ya rage cutarwa kwayoyin cuta, amma yawanci yana buƙatar firiji.
4. Ultayibincin mai narkewa (ULT): Mult maɗaukin ma'auni ne tsakanin HTS da Uht cikin sharuddan zafin jiki da lokaci, tsakanin haifuwa da ingancin samfurin.

Ci gaba a cikin fasahar pasteurization

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, an sami ci gaba mai mahimmanci a cikin fasahar da ke haifar da haɓaka, sakamakon haifar da mahimmancin cigaba a cikin amincin abinci, inganci da haɓaka tsari. Automation Tsarin sarrafawa tsari na sarrafawa suna ba da izinin sarrafawa don daidaita yanayin zafin jiki, lokaci da kuma hawan keke, yana tabbatar da ingancin samfurin, yana tabbatar da ƙarancin ƙarfin mutum da rage ƙarancin kuzari da rage kuskuren mutum da rage ƙarancin ƙarfin mutum.

Haɗakarwar ci gaba mai tsabta (cip) yana juya hanyar da ake nufi da tsinkayen zafi a cikin wuraren kula da kayan zafi. Waɗannan tsarin suna sarrafa masu hawan keke don tabbatar da daidaito da maimaitawa da kowane amfani. Ta atomatik ayyuka tsabtatawa tsaftacewa, waɗannan ingantattun tsarin suna haifar da yawan lokatai, ƙananan sunadarai, da rage ingantaccen aiki da amincin aiki.

M sterilization Aiki Shiga jerin gwano Zanen diagram

Ta yaya fasali ya kashe ƙwayoyin cuta?

Manna ba kawai "tsananin zafin rana bane". Don fahimtar abin da zafi yake yi don ƙwayoyin cuta, muna buƙatar fahimtar tsarin ƙwayoyin cuta. Kwayoyin cuta basu da kwayoyin halitta guda ɗaya tare da tsarin tantanin halitta wanda ya kunshi bangon tante, cytoplasm da flagellum (a wasu ƙwayoyin cuta). Ganuwar sel yana kare tsarin cikin gida na tantanin halitta, Cytoplasm ya ƙunshi abubuwa da yawa cewa ƙwayoyin cuta suna buƙatar tsira, kuma flagellum yana buƙatar ƙwayoyin cuta don motsawa.

Babban yanayin zafi na ƙwayoyin cuta enzymes, yana haifar da su zama marasa aiki kuma sun kasa yin ayyukan su. Babban yanayin zafi kuma yana lalata bangon tantanin ƙwayoyin cuta, yana haifar da ƙara matsin lamba a cikin tantanin halitta da kuma mutuwa.

Jiyya mai zafi da manna

Jinshin zafi yana nufin yawan cututtukan zafi da ake amfani da su a cikin sarrafa abinci. Dalilin magani mai zafi shine a kashe picogens da kuma dakatar da enzymes wanda ke haifar da canje-canje mara kyau a cikin ajiya yayin ajiya. Mallaka tana daya daga cikin tafkin zafi mai zafi. Hanyoyin yanayi mai girma da kuma sinadarai na haifuwa suna kashe dukkanin ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin abinci, alhali mai saurin zafi (kamar maganin zafi da kuma pineurization) kashe wasu daga cikinsu.

An zaɓi ƙananan yanayin zafi don moda don ƙara riƙe abubuwan gina jiki da dandano yayin tabbatar da amincin abinci. Jiyya mafi girma yana kashe ƙarin cututtukan cuta amma zai canza halayen abinci. Misali, za a canza tsarin furta na madara, wanda ya shafi dandano da aikinsa a cikin shirye-shiryen wasu abinci kamar cuku.

Matakan guda ukuof abastu

Tsarin ma'abuta da yawa yawanci ya ƙunshi matakan maɓalli uku:

Zafanta:Abincin mai zafi yana mai zafi zuwa takamaiman zazzabi, dangane da irin man shafawa, yawanci tsakanin 63 ° C (145 ° F) da 135 ° C (275 ° F).

Riƙe:Ana gudanar da abinci a wannan zafin jiki na wani lokaci don tabbatar da cewa ana kashe kananan ƙwayoyin cuta masu cutarwa.

Sanyaya:Abincin yana sanyaya da sauri don hana kowane ƙwayoyin cuta daga abubuwa da yawa.

Baya ga wadannan manyan matakai guda uku, a aikace, musamman ga samfuran kamar madara, premaping, pre-dumama suma ana aiwatar da su don tabbatar da ingancin samfur da daidaito.

Yankuna aikace-aikace na m

Ana amfani da pasteurization sosai a fannoni daban-daban:

Abinci, masana'antar nono da abin sha:Wannan shi ne mafi mahimmancin yankin na aikace-aikace don manna kuma ana amfani dashi don mistan samfuran samfuran kamar madara, ruwan 'ya'yan itace.

Masana'antar harhada magunguna: Ga sterarization na wasu kwayoyi da shirye-shirye.

Masana'antar kwaskwarima:Ga Mataimakin da adana wasu kayan kwalliya.

Masarraba da masana'antu:Don haifuwa na wasu sinadarai da masu son su.

FAQs game da pastuurization

Tambaya: Shin abincin ya zama bakararre a kan pineurization?

A: A'a. Mallaka tana rage yawan ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta, amma bai kashe duk ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta ba.

Tambaya: Menene fa'idodi da rashin amfanin abubuwa daban-daban?

A: hanyoyi daban-daban sun bambanta dangane da tasirin haifuwa, tasiri kan ingancin abinci da lokacin aiki da kuma buƙatar zaɓaɓɓu akan tushen hali.

Tambaya: Ta yaya manna ke shafar ƙimar abinci mai gina jiki?

A: Sakamakon m akan ƙimar abinci mai gina jiki yana da ƙarami, amma magani mai tsananin zafi na iya haifar da asarar wasu abubuwan gina jiki.

Ta hanyar gabatarwar wannan labarin, na yi imani kuna da zurfin fahimtar tsarin ma'adinin. Fasahar Passurization tana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tabbatar da abinci da abinci da kuma ci gaba da ci gaba, da ci gaba da ci gaba da ci gaba da ci gaba da ci gaba da bayar da gudummawa ga lafiyar dan adam.